Disc Herniation and its Causes

The spinal anatomy of a human being consists of thirty-three vertebrae with a disc in between each bone that serves as a shock absorber and protector of the spinal cord. These discs have an center that contains a gel-like substance known as the nucleus pulpous, and when a disc herniation occurs, this substance leaks out of the disc. This can compress nerves in the area causing pain to radiate into the extremities. While this problem can occur at any level of the spine, ninety percent of the time it occurs in the low back due to the lumbar region carrying most of the body’s weight.

There are several factors that can lead to disc herniation, the most common being a decrease in the water content in the nucleus pulpous that causes a decrease in the discs elasticity. Unfortunately, not all disc herniations will produce pain or discomfort and a patient won’t discover they have this herniation until the receive an x-ray or MRI for an unrelated issue. Some emergency signs that would require immediate medical attention include the loss of bowel/bladder control, leg or arm pain with weakness, or any pain that worsens over time. Depending on the pain level and severity, conservative treatment plans can include physical therapy, massage therapy, manual traction, hot and cold therapies, chiropractic care and ultrasound/electric stimulation. It is important to seek treatment when a herniated disc is suspected or for any pain that does not dissipate on its own.

References Cited in this Article

www.spineuniverse.com

www.medicinenet.com

www.spine-health.com